Pathogenicity and histological response of alder to Phytophthora and Halophytophthora species

ESM 1 Contrast tests of pathogen species (‘Sp’) and isolate (‘Is’) nested within species (‘df’, degrees of freedom, ‘Res’, residuals): one-way ANOVA when they meet the assumptions (transformed as x0.3 for lesion and IAP and x0.5 for IRP); χ² for binomial variables and KruskalWallis test when assumptions not met. Bold numbers are significant factors (p ≤ 0.05). Variables: Blue cells in phloem (P) and xylem (X); hyphae (H); tyloses (RT); lignin presence (LI); calloses in sieve plates (SP); lesion (length); necrosis in cambium (NC); fibers/vessels (FV), axial (AP) and ray (RP) parenchyma cells altered and axial (IAP) and ray (IRP) cells altered with iodine-potassium iodide.-- ESM 2 Factor loadings from the principal component analysis (PCA) of the variables measured in alder saplings inoculated with different Phytophthora and Halophytophthora species. Key: 'AB, S', Astra blue and Safranine staining; 'CW', Calcofluor white staining.-- ESM 3 Comparison of correlations (Spearman coefficients) between Phytophthora and Halophytophthora species for the variables lesion length, tyloses and hyphae in phloem and xylem and altered fibers/vessels and axial and ray parenchyma cells (with Astra blue ('AB’) and Safranine (‘S’) or Iodide (‘I’) staining) of inoculated alder saplings. Significance levels: p ≤ 0.001; p  ≤  0.01; p  ≤  0.05. Significant values (p  ≤  0.05) are shown in bold face.-- ESM 4 Phytophthora species isolated from symptomatic alders in riparian forests of Catalonia (NE Spain)