5G

Building Europe's digital infrastructure of tomorrow

As a global technology race unfolds, Europe is deploying the regulatory framework and investments needed to foster innovation and technological leadership in areas such as online platforms, artificial intelligence, data, cloud, quantum technologies and virtual worlds. In today's rapidly changing economic context, a state-of-the-art telecommunications infrastructure is a key pillar for growth, innovation and job creation.

For this technological revolution to succeed, says EC Internal Market Commissioner Thierry Breton, it must be ensured that European networks are up to the task in terms of transmission speed, storage capacity, computing power and interoperability. To this end, it will seek to promote a Digital Networks Act that will serve to redefine the DNA of Europe's telecommunications sector.

Exploratory consultation on the future of the electronic communications sector and its infrastructure

From 23 February to 19 May 2023, the European Commission conducted an exploratory consultation on the future of the electronic communications sector and its infrastructure. The aim was to gather views from different stakeholders, in particular on the technological and market changes affecting the sector, as well as the types of infrastructure and investments that Europe is expected to need to lead the digital transformation in the coming years. The consultation was divided into four areas: (i) technological and market developments, (ii) fairness for consumers, (iii) barriers to the single market and (iv) fair contribution of all digital actors.

The Commission received close to 500 responses to the consultation from different interest groups such as companies (including network providers as well as large traffic generators), business associations, citizens, non-governmental organisations, academic institutions, consumer organisations and trade unions, as well as comments from public authorities. Most of the responses came from the EU, although there were also participants from other invited countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom.

From the exploratory consultation on the future of the electronic communications sector and its infrastructure, the following conclusions can be drawn:

• The need for innovation and efficient investment in technologies such as network virtualisation, artificial intelligence, open networks and perimeter cloud (in that order of importance), recognising that these will have a substantial impact on the sector in the coming years by driving cost reductions. Network virtualisation is expected to be the technology with the greatest impact by enabling greater flexibility and improved network efficiency, offering a great opportunity to develop new business models. In terms of investment, most respondents expect that a significant part of their annual revenues in the coming years (up to 50% of revenues) will have to be spent on investments in connectivity infrastructure and replacement of devices from providers considered high risk. Public funding is seen as crucial, but questions remain as to whether it will be enough and how to attract more private investment.
• The second conclusion, relating to consumer equity, is that the majority of respondents indicate that overall broadband access prices will decrease in the coming years, although there is more discrepancy when considering high transmission speeds. There is also no consensus among respondents on the effectiveness/efficiency of the Universal Service Obligation rules to protect consumers with special needs, and there is also disagreement on whether it should continue to be financed by the public budget or by network providers.
• It also points to the importance of harnessing the single market to drive investment and innovation, cooperating on key technology developments, and standardising technologies and platform building, so as to support the deployment of initiatives based on federated, interoperable and open source models. The majority of responses indicate that streamlining and simplifying regulation by harmonising best practices at EUlevel would serve to reduce administrative burdens, supply chain and/or regulatory costs, thereby increasing efficiency and speed of infrastructure deployment.
• The fourth conclusion focuses on the need to protect EU networks. In an interconnected world with growing geopolitical tensions, security is critical. Despite advances in the security of 5G networks, gaps remain in the protection of network infrastructure. A more coordinated European approach, especially with regard to further integration of radio spectrum, and with a better aligned auction model and licensing conditions between regions, could improve coverage in border areas and strengthen the EU against harmful external interference.
• Finally, as regards the contribution of digital players to network roll-out, several telco providers anticipate a negative outlook for the next 5 years, driven by the continued fall in unit prices (in terms of EUR/Mbps), which offset the potential revenues from increased data traffic and, therefore, to the detriment of the investments needed to support such traffic. More than half of the respondents answered in the affirmative on the question of whether large digital players should contribute in a fair and proportionate way to the costs of public goods, services and infrastructure, and on the potential introduction of a mandatory mechanism for direct payments from content application providers.

The role of communications networks in the development of data spaces

The data spaces are ecosystems from which to realise the voluntary sharing of data among their participants, based on the creation of an environment of sovereignty, trust and cybersecurity. In contrast to traditional monolithic models, data spaces are virtual, federated environmentsand are therefore established through integrated governance, organisational, regulatory and technical mechanisms.

Data spaces ensure that a large amount of data and algorithms are available for use in the economy and society, while the companies, organisations and individuals that generate these resources retain control over them. As such, these data sets and algorithms will aspire to maintain their residence in the computer systems of their respective owners, connecting with others on an ad hoc basis according to precise needs, which is why data spaces require a renewed infrastructure of communication networks. Based on 5G (or even 6G) technology, data transmission with lower latency and higher capacity is enabled, and also drives the development of edge computing solutions (edge computing), which allow added flexibility for the emerging European Data Economy.

Likewise, operators, through initiatives such as Open Gateway, will also be able to transform their telecommunication networks into value-added platforms, making their capabilities more flexible and available through standardised APIs, with which to develop new applications and digital solutions of greater complexity and scope. Such developments may encourage the participation, collaboration and interoperability of the different actors in the data spaces, with telecommunications operators also playing an important role as facilitators, not only in the development of use cases, but also in the implementation and operation of these use cases.

The current healthcare situation has changed the way in which major events are held, with most of them moving from being held in person to online. However, little by little, the face-to-face format is being taken up again, returning to the offline format and even combining both experiences.

In this article we are going to discover some events related to the world of technology and data, both private and public, that will be held in the coming weeks and that you should not miss. Join us to discover them!

OpenExpo Virtual Experience 2021

8 to 10 June 2021 – Online

OpenExpo Europe has positioned itself in recent years as one of the main windows for dissemination in technological innovation, digital transformation and open source in Europe. Its main objective is to disseminate the latest trends, tools and services in innovation and technology among professionals in the technology sector, as well as helping them to increase their network of contacts.

The OpenExpo Virtual Experience initiative was launched last year, following the success achieved with the dissemination of online content on cybersecurity, blockchain, AI, virtual reality, IoT and big data, among other topics.

At this event, attendees will be able to enjoy more than 50 activities led by professional experts in technology and innovation: presentations, case studies, interviews, debates, workshops, Q&A sessions, 1to1 meetings, etc.  Some of the topics to be addressed are Govtech and the public administration's commitment to innovation, free educational software and Gaia-X, one of the European Commission's major projects in the field of data.

Advanced Factories

8 to 10 June 2021 – Barcelona

Barcelona will host the annual Advanced Factories summit, which brings together the most cutting-edge companies in Industry 4.0. Some of the focal points of this world-class meeting will be: industrial automation, sensors, energy efficiency, artificial intelligence, blockchain, machine learning and big data.

For the fourth consecutive year, this summit will host the Industry 4.0 Congress under the slogan "We are the future of automation", which will begin with a presentation on the role of data in the transformation of this sector.

Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2021

28 June to 01 July 2021 – Barcelona

This great technological event was suspended in 2020, but in 2021 it will re-emerge as a new event with great guarantees of health safety. As a novelty, this year's MWC will feature several virtual activities that will complement the on-site edition of the event. "Connected Impact" is the chosen theme, which places the COVID-19 pandemic as the main element influencing this year's technological trends.

As usual, leading professionals from the sector and prominent speakers will be taking part. Among them is Carme Artigas, Secretary of State for Digitalisation and Artificial Intelligence, who will participate with a presentation on data in the age of intelligence.

As in previous years, the in-house event for startups 4YFN (4 Years From Now) will be held as part of the MWC. Its aim is to support contact between startups and investors, providing access to an international network of contacts and different business opportunities. Among the participating companies we can find many focused on the world of data and its reuse. Red.es selects Spanish companies and startups to participate in the different representation spaces that are organised.

South Summit

5 to 7 October 2021 – Online

The autumn will see the arrival of South Summit, a showcase in the form of a competition to give more visibility to disruptive projects seeking new customers, funding or strategic partnerships. It will feature investors and leading innovation companies from Spain, southern Europe and Latin America, regardless of the industry, country of origin or stage of development of the project.

This year the organisation has decided not to hold the event in person, so the project presentations will take place virtually.

IoT Solutions World Congress

5 to 7 October 2021 – Barcelona

This is undoubtedly one of the most high-profile IoT events in the world. Due to the growing demand from the sector, more than 8,000 visitors are expected to attend an event that will bring together industry experts to analyse how the Internet of Things is transforming production, transport, logistics, public services and sectors such as healthcare and energy.

Some of the papers to be presented include "Leveraging EdgeX Foundry as an Open, Trusted Data Framework for Smart Meter Monitoring", "Using Mobile, IoT and Data Analytics to Take a Localized Approach to the Global Waste Problem" and "Making Cities, Infrastructures & Construction Sites Smarter with Time Series Data".

Semantic Web for E-Government

24 October - online

This online event will focus on a review of the semantic web and its importance in achieving interoperability and integration between the different organisational levels of public administrations. Two current e-government and open data initiatives will be presented:

• The European Data Portal, a platform for integrating and assessing Europe's Linked Open Government Data. It will address the multiple applications of semantic web standards in the European Data Portal, such as DCAT, SKOS, SHACL and DQV. Special attention will also be given to the measurement and publication of quality information.

• Ciudades Abiertas: good practices for data harmonisation with local public administrations. It will be explained how a set of vocabularies is being developed to support a homogeneous provision of open data in the framework of Ciudades Abiertas, a collaborative project with four Spanish cities (Zaragoza, A Coruña, Madrid and Santiago de Compostela).

Smart City Expo World Congress

16 to 18 November 2021 – Barcelona

For several years now, Smart City Expo World Congress (SCEWC) has become a benchmark event that combines technological innovation with the field of Smart Cities. It brings together experts, companies and entrepreneurs with the aim of creating synergies and promoting new projects.

In 2021, the congress celebrates its tenth anniversary and its organisers will once again opt to hold the event in person, combined with a digital platform that will offer a multitude of opportunities to its attendees.

This event is usually the framework chosen by Open Data Barcelona to showcase the finalists of its World Data Viz Challenge, although the 2021 edition has not yet been announced.

EU Open Data Days

23 to 25 November 2021 - Online

This year we will also attend the first edition of the EU Open Data Days, organised by the Publications Office of the European Union in collaboration with the Aporta Initiative.  The event will be virtual and will be divided into two activities:

• EU Dataviz 2021 (23-24 November). A programme of conferences focusing on open data and visualisations. They are currently defining the agenda which we will share with you soon.
• EU Datathon 2021 (25 November). In the months leading up to this event, a competition will be held to encourage the creation of products based on open data, such as mobile or web applications, that offer a response to different challenges related to EU priorities. The deadline for submissions is 11 June. The final will be held on 25 November as part of the Open Days.

This is just a selection of some of the major technology events coming up - do you know of any more you would like to highlight? Then don't hesitate to write us a comment or send us your proposal by email to contacto@datos.gob.es.

Over the last year we have heard about 5G on numerous occasions, often linked to hoaxes and fake news with no scientific basis that make us forget what is really important: 5G will mean an unprecedented technological revolution that will affect our professional and personal lives, and that will bring about changes in all sectors of activity.

What exactly is 5G?

5G refers to the fifth generation of mobile communication networks. The previous four were characterised by the following functionalities:

• 1G: first mobile phones with talk-only capability.
• 2G: phones incorporate the ability to send SMS.
• 3G: handsets are able to connect to the internet.
• 4G: broadband is developed, capable of assimilating the exponential increase in mobile data consumption, facilitating functionalities such as video streaming and augmented reality.

5G is not entirely new, but an evolution of previous generations that allows for more efficient use of spectrum. 5G technology significantly improves performance in several aspects:

• High density of connected devices: The higher network capacity allows a greater number of devices to be incorporated through simultaneous connections, facilitating, among other things, the mass deployment of sensors and massive machine-to-machine (M2M) communications.
• Faster speed: The speed of 5G is approaching 15 to 20 Gbs per second, which is almost real time. This is expected to further expand the use of virtual desktops or cloud storage. Applications can be accessed and software can be run remotely instantaneously.
• Lower latency: Latency is the time it takes for a data packet to be transferred within the network. That is, the time it takes for an action to be executed from the time we have launched it.  With 5G, latency is around 1 millisecond (ms) compared to 20-30 ms for 4G networks.

Benefits that go well beyond the mobile pone

All this not only means improvements for our smartphones, but also a huge employment and economic opportunity. The European Union highlights the impact of 5G in key sectors such as transport, healthcare and industry, with a benefit of more than €500 billion per year worldwide for 5G-enabled service providers.

In the healthcare sector, it will streamline secure online consultations and remote procedures, such as robotic surgery, improving resource efficiency. In transport, it will be a boon for autonomous vehicles: cars will be able to connect with each other (vehicle-to-vehicle or V2V) to share data on routes or their speed, which can be a big improvement in terms of safety. The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) estimates that, with the advent of this technology, the risk of traffic accidents could be reduced by 65-68%. And in the industrial sector, it will serve to optimise process automation and control of operations by improving the interconnection between the various machines, objects and devices in the production chain.

Its impact on Smart cities and the world of open data

This revolution will also reach Smart Cities. The ability to manage millions of devices in real time will drive the Internet of Things (IoT), with more and more objects becoming connected to each other. By 2025 there will be 55.7 billion connected devices worldwide, 75% of which will be connected to an IoT platform, many linked to smart city environments.

This growing number of interconnected objects, capable of capturing information and talking to each other, will generate an unprecedented volume of data that can be analysed to make informed decisions about what changes or new projects will most benefit citizens.

In addition to 5G, another factor that will facilitate immediacy is edge computing. This technology allows data to be processed and analysed locally, i.e. as close as possible to the sensors that generated the data. This avoids moving all the raw data to central servers, improving efficiency and saving time.

Despite these opportunities, there are still challenges to overcome. Security concerns, cost of implementation or the need for scalable and versatile infrastructures are barriers to overcome to facilitate the expansion of new use cases.

5G in Europe and Spain

The Covid-19 pandemic has demonstrated the importance of resilient, high-speed communications for working remotely, in our daily lives, and for sustaining business operations and processes. This fact, coupled with the advantages and opportunities mentioned above, has led the European Union to include 5G as one of the 7 key areas of the FRR (Recovery and Resilience Facility). It is estimated that a significant part of its planned digital budget of EUR 150 billion will be used to fund 5G network infrastructure. This is coupled with funds from the Connecting Europe Facility and the Digital Europe Programme strategic investments. All of this is part of the 5G Plan for Europe.

In Spain, the promotion of 5G is one of the lines of action of the Digital Spain 2025 Agenda. The 5G technology promotion strategy will have a budget of 300 million euros in 2021. This strategy continues the work started with the National 5G Plan 2018-2020, which has contributed to making Spain the European country with the largest number of cities with available 5G services and pilot projects where possible applications of this technology are being tested.  The calls for proposals to promote the development of 5G technology pilot projects, carried out by Red.es, have helped to launch use cases that experiment with virtual reality and augmented reality in Andalusia or promote the supervision of railway infrastructures using drones and industry 4.0 in Galicia. All this has led to the fact that, according to the latest DESI index, Spain is above the EU average in terms of 5G network readiness.

In our country, 5G will make it possible to extend broadband coverage at high speeds in rural and isolated areas, which will help reduce the digital divide and fight depopulation. It will also boost the availability of digital public services.

In short, this is a great opportunity that will accelerate the digital transformation of society and the economy.

Content prepared by the datos.gob.es team.